The crusher is one of the main equipment used in feed mills to produce feed. The reliability of the crusher's operation directly affects production efficiency and the normal operation of subsequent processes. Therefore, it is important for maintenance and operation personnel to learn to analyze and handle common faults in the crusher system, and to eliminate them in the short term to restore production as soon as possible. The shredder system mainly includes a shredder and an electric motor. The corresponding faults can be divided into mechanical faults and electrical faults. The following is an analysis of mechanical faults such as vibration, bearing heating, and crusher blockage.
　　1Vibration crushers generally use motors directly connected to the crushing device, which is a simple and easy to maintain connection method. But if the two cannot be well connected during the assembly process, it will cause overall vibration of the crusher.
（1）The motor rotor and the crusher rotor are not concentric. The position of the motor can be moved left or right, or a pad can be added under the motor feet to adjust the concentricity of the two rotors.
（2）The crusher rotor is not concentric. The reason is that the support palm rotor shaft2The supporting surfaces are not in the same plane. Copper foil can be placed on the bottom surface of the supporting bearing seat, or adjustable wedge iron can be added at the bottom of the bearing to ensure stability2The axis heads are concentric.
（3）The vibration in the crushing chamber is relatively large. The reason is that the connection between the coupling and the rotor is not concentric or the mass of the flat hammer plate inside the rotor is uneven. Corresponding methods can be adopted to adjust the connection between the coupling and the motor according to different types of couplings: when the weight of the hammer pieces is uneven, each set of hammer pieces must be re selected to ensure that the symmetrical hammer pieces have an error of less than5Ｇ。
（4）The original balance has been disrupted. After repairing the motor, a dynamic balance test must be conducted to ensure overall balance.
（5）The anchor bolts of the crusher system are loose or the foundation is not firm. When installing or repairing, the anchor bolts should be evenly tightened. A shock absorber should be installed between the anchor foundation and the crusher to reduce vibration.
（6）The hammer blade is broken or there are hard debris inside the crushing chamber. All of these will cause imbalance in the rotation of the rotor, leading to overall vibration of the machine. Therefore, regular inspections are necessary for hammer blades with severe wear. When replacing, it is necessary to replace symmetrically; If there is any abnormal sound during the operation of the crusher, it should be stopped immediately for inspection, and the cause should be identified and dealt with in a timely manner.
（7）The connection between the crusher system and other equipment does not match. For example, improper connection of feeding and discharging pipes can cause vibration and noise. Therefore, these connecting parts should not use hard connections, but use soft connections.
　　2Overheated bearings are important components on crushers, and their performance directly affects the normal operation and production efficiency of the equipment. During the operation of the equipment, users should pay special attention to the temperature rise of the bearings and the noise in the bearing parts. Any abnormalities should be dealt with as soon as possible.
（1）2Uneven height of the bearing seat, or the motor rotor not being concentric with the crusher rotor, can cause the shaft to bear additional load impact, resulting in bearing overheating. If this situation occurs, stop the machine immediately to troubleshoot and avoid early damage to the bearings.
（2）Excessive, insufficient, or aging lubricating oil in bearings is also a major cause of bearing overheating and damage. Therefore, it is necessary to add lubricating oil in a timely and quantitative manner according to the requirements of the user manual. Generally, lubrication takes up space in the bearing70％－80%Too much or too little is not conducive to bearing lubrication and heat transfer. Bearings extend their service life.
（3）If the fit between the bearing cover and the shaft is too tight or too loose, it will cause the bearing to overheat. Once such a problem occurs, there will be friction sounds and noticeable oscillations during the operation of the equipment. Stop the machine and remove the bearings. Repair the friction area and then reassemble as required.
　　3Crusher blockage is one of the common faults in the use of crushers, which may be caused by problems in the design of the equipment, but more often due to improper use and operation.
（1）The feeding speed is too fast and the load increases, causing blockage. During the feeding process, always pay attention to the large deflection angle of the ammeter pointer. If it exceeds the rated current, it indicates that the motor is overloaded. Prolonged overload may burn out the motor. If this situation occurs, the feeding door should be immediately reduced or closed, and the feeding method can also be changed by increasing the feeder to control the feeding amount. There are two types of feeders: manual and automatic. Users should choose the appropriate feeder according to their actual situation. Due to the high speed, large load, and strong fluctuation of the load of the crusher. So, the current during the operation of the crusher is generally controlled at the rated current85％左右。
（2）The discharge pipeline is not smooth or blocked, and the feeding speed is too fast, which will cause the air outlet of the crusher to be blocked; Improper matching with conveying equipment can result in weakened air flow or blockage of the discharge pipeline when there is no air. After identifying the malfunction, the mismatched conveying equipment should be cleared first, and the feeding amount should be adjusted to ensure the normal operation of the equipment.
（3）Hammer fragments, aging, closed and worn-out sieve holes, and high moisture content in crushed materials can all cause blockages in the crusher. Broken and severely aged hammers should be regularly updated to maintain the good working condition of the crusher, and the sieve should be checked regularly. The moisture content of the crushed material should be lower than14%This can not only improve production efficiency, but also prevent the crusher from clogging, enhancing the reliability of the crusher's operation.